Comparison Shopping Project

I think the first and foremost purchase consideration is the price, next is the quality and then is the convenience. Every consumer desires the quality of the product is good and the price is lowest. If that desire meets, the consumers will choose the more convenient way to get the Item they would Like to buy. So now there are two ways for me to get the poll fleece Jacket. The market price of the poll fleece Jacket now Is 99 ARM. But In the UNIQUE online shop Is sold 106 ARM, more 7 ARM Is for the express fee. Shopping Comparison If I choose to buy in the UNCLE physical agent, I need select a day when I am free to go to the mall by bus.It takes me about 1 hour to arrive there. And I will use about 20 minutes to find the UNIQUE physical agent. Unfortunately, the shopping mall is open at 10:00 am. It may occupy all of my forenoon time. It is not a good thing for a student who is busy with her study. When I get the physical agent, there are many poll fleece jackets for me to select and fit. I can touch every of the poll fleece Jacket to decide which one should I purchase. Meanwhile I can select many colors of a same style poll fleece Jacket to fit and finally pick the right color and size to purchase.Once I change my mind, I can change anyone I want before I pay. And then I will go back by bus with my new poll fleece Jacket. The bus tickets cost me for 4 ARM, and when I get back is almost the time of the afternoon. If I choose another way that purchase poll fleece jacket online, I would pay more 7 ARM for the dispatch fee. I open my computer, and enter the UNIQUE online shop. Then I need to go through all of the electronic catalogs and try to find the poll fleece Jacket entry. And then click the poll fleece Jacket links to access to the interface.In the interface I can find many kinds of the poll fleece Jacket. Subsequently, I should scan of the information about the product. Firstly, I will select some attractive product such as better mode or color and put in my electronic shopping cart. Secondly, I will scan the information of these products and carefully analyze and compare with them. There is a zone that I can see the referral or recommendation from other consumers who has bought the product. Finally, after I Identify all these products, I will come to a best choice and purchase the desirable poll fleece jacket by online banking.To use the online banking, I must my bank card is security. The process totally wastes me for merely 2 hours. In the other side, I am watching the computer all the time in the duration of buying. My eyes may be tired at end. Unfortunately, my decision is should not be changed. Once the order of the product is submitted and come into force, I must accept the product. Although there are something I am not satisfied with, such as the color is dimmer Han I see online or the size is not my size etc, I cannot return it to the seller except pay the additional dispatch money.If I am not willing to pay the extra fee, the product is a waste thing. It will be a bad shopping experience. Recommendation All of above is about the two ways to purchase. As we can see, there are spaces for the two purchasing process to improve. Buying in physical agent is not convenient for the consumer, and it wastes time. The price in the shop is the market price and may be higher than online shop. But consumers can select among many kinds of the olla fleece Jacket and purchase one they most satisfied.Foremost the quality of the product is assured. To attract more consumers to buy in the physical agent rather than online, the shop should carry out some activities such as give some presents or trial packs of the shop. Buying online is convenient to the customers, but rate of online fraud is increasing. Consumers may not always get satisfied product, and the online bank payment is also has some risks and problems. The digital certificate is not protect well, the bank need to research a new technical invention to do that wel l.It is regrettable that not every product online is in good quality. So there need a third-party in the process of buying online, the third part should inspect every product selling online to assure the quality of them. It will make many consumers buying online instead of purchasing in the physical agent. With the development of technology, buying online may be completed the same as the physical agents in the future. The consumers can choose which purchasing process they like. And each process might not cause problems.

Prominent African-American Mathematicians

Jesse Ernest Wilkins, Jr. exemplifies and is addressed as one of America’s admirable unorthodox mathematicians. He was portrayed as the University of Chicago’s youngest student at the tender age of thirteen. Wilkins proceeded to his education there, earning his bachelor, master and doctorate degrees in mathematics. When he finished his Ph. D. at 19, he was recognized by the national press as a â€Å"negro genius. † (http://www. blackpast. org)Jesse Ernest Wilkins taught at the Tuskegee Institute (1943-1944) prior returning to the University of Chicago to contribute to the Manhattan Project (1944-1946). He then entered industry, advancing to high positions at: American Optical Company (1946-1950), United Nuclear Corporation (1950-1960) and General Atomic Company (1960-1970). He also earned bachelor and master degrees in mechanical engineering from New York University (1957, 1960). In 1970, Wilkins became the Distinguished Professor of Applied Mathematical Physics at Howard University.He was remembered as being very inspirational to his students and for starting Howard’s Ph. D. program in mathematics. (http://www. blackpast. org) J. Ernest Wilkins is a member of various professional societies and has been awarded several honors in his distinguished career including: President of the American Nuclear Society (1974-1975), Council Member of the American Mathematical Society (1975-1977) and Outstanding Civilian Service Medal by the U. S. Army (1980). He has published numerous papers in mathematics, optics and nuclear engineering.His greatest contribution to scholarship is the development of mathematical models to explain gamma radiation and his subsequent work on developing a shielding against gamma radiation. (http://www. blackpast. org) A fifth grade gifted program provided accessibility to William A. Massey to the introduction of Euclidean geometry and number systems of differing bases. His interests in drawing and graphic arts assisted him to comprehend the application of perspective and proportion. In seventh grade, William A. Massey executed an exam involving a type of abstract reasoning.He excelled and exceeded far beyond his classmates on the same exam. Essentially, from that moment, he apprehended the aspiration of becoming a mathematician. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/William_A. _Massey) William A. Massey’s authentic comprehension of mathematics as a researcher initiated as a college student at Princeton University. He specialized in abstract algebra and number theory while acquiring real, complex and functional analysis. He maintained his scientific interests by taking physics courses all four years, as well.William A. Massey was awarded an aggressive Bell Laboratories fellowship that was established to increase the number of minority Ph. D. ’s in the sciences, which paid for his acquisition of the doctorate of philosophy in mathematics at Stanford University. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wi ki/William_A. _Massey) William A. Massey has made many original contributions as a mathematician by developing a theory of â€Å"dynamical queueing systems†. His research on queueing networks led to new methods of comparing multi-dimensionalone.One of William A. Massey most cited papers progresses an algorithm to find a dynamic, optimal server staffing schedule for telephone call centers with time varying demand and ultimately led to a patent. An additional highly cited paper initiates a dynamic model for the offered load traffic of wireless communication networks. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/William_A. _Massey) In 1925 Elbert Frank Cox was allocated the Doctor of Philosophy degree in mathematics from Cornell and he is the first known Black to receive the Ph. D. in Mathematics in the United States; ultimately, in the world.In September 1925, he accepted a teaching position at West Virginia State College. Elbert Frank Cox remained there four years and in 1929 moved to Howa rd University. Cox remained at Howard until his retirement in 1965 and served as chairman of the Mathematics Department from 1957-1961. In 1975, the Howard University Mathematics Department, at the time of the inauguration of the Ph. D. program, established the Elbert F. Cox Scholarship Fund for undergraduate mathematics majors to encourage young Black students to study mathematics at the graduate level. http://www. maa. org/summa/archive/Cox_EF. htm) While Elbert Frank Cox did not live to see the inauguration of the Ph. D. program at Howard, it is comprehended by various individuals that Cox accomplished plenty to initiate such possibilities.He assisted to build up the department to the point that the Ph. D. program became a practical next step. He gave the department an extensive deal of credibility; primarily due to his personal prestige as a mathematician, due to the fact od exemplifying and exhibiting first Black to acquire a Ph. D. in mathematics, because of the nature and kin ds of appointments to the faculty that were made while he chaired the Department and because of the kinds of students that he attracted to Howard to study mathematics at both the undergraduate and graduate (master's) levels. Cox's portrait hangs in Howard's Mathematics Common Room as a consistent reminder of his contribution to the Mathematics Department, the University and the Community of Scholars in general. (http://www. maa. org/summa/archive/Cox_EF. htm)

Ampex VTR organization Essay

After the second world war, the introduction of televisions opened way for the technological innovation of video recording. In the 1950s, there were major inventions in the video recording industry in the US and Japan. This case study involves the technological advancement in the video cassette recorders (VCRs) manufacturing industries. Six pioneering companies will be considered, namely; RCA and Ampex of USA, Japan Victor Company (JVC) and Sony, Toshiba and Matsushita all of Japan. JVC, Sony and Matsushita had the competitive advantage of management in this industry. They emphasized on opportunities that were more rewarding, productively positioned their technical efforts and executed these efforts in more productively. These companies learnt the market technological demands for videocassette recorders and produced in mass at limited costs. To prove their technological competence, these firms produced equipment with utmost sound clarity and consistently adhered to this. JVC was under pressure to come up with a common standard for its products which led to the advent of VHS system. RCA engineers came up with a video recording machine moving a narrow tape very fast past magnetic heads. At Toshiba, a recording head was made to rotate fast while the tape moved past at relatively slow speed (helical scanner). Despite these efforts, Ampex was the first to come up with a commercial video recorder. This VTR technology was patented but was soon shared out to other companies like RCA. Ampex failed to come up with a manufacturing capability for mass production despite the high performance designs. Ampex engineers opened up the helical scanner technology for broadcast recorder but Sony, JVC and Matsushita overtook them in this technology. RCA suggested the introduction of a television magnetic tape player but this was not considered by the management until later in 1958 in the design of VTR. Sony did not employ the method of market research but instead chose to insist on high technology and innovation. In 1950, Sony introduced the first Japanese magnetic recorder for sound and tape, followed by a TV camera and stereo tape recorder. In 1961, it unveiled the first fully transistorized VTR in the world. Matsushita was a diverse company dealing with a range of electrical appliances. To beat this company’s success, the rivals developed cheaper appliances. The diversities in technology led to a need for international standards to govern this. Sony wanting to outdo its foreign rivals collaborated with JVC and Matsushita in the establishment of ? inch tape cassettes. Sony, JVC and Matsushita made strategic management of technology by learning through trials. These companies were persistent and flexible. Ampex and RCA in America lacked consistency in their strategic direction making them fail to sustain technical development. The Japanese companies had stable technical teams which ensured stability in the organization. Top managers were involved in making critical decisions. Ampex VTR organization was however marred with instability (Rosenbloom & Cusumano, 1987). The basic VCR technology originated from the US and Europe although the Japanese industries have been successful in the industry. The success attributed to the Japanese industries was achieved by more improvements on the basic technology rather than just copying what the West had to offer. The advent of transistors, semiconductors and microchips greatly boosted the electronic industry in Japan.

Financial management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Financial management - Essay Example The Return on Equity, ROE, measures how much profit a company earned in comparison to the money shareholders have invested. Generally, the higher it is the more promising a company is. Potential investors rely on ROE when deciding whether or not to invest their money in a company. Furthermore, financial institutions use the ROE to assess capability of a company meeting its loan repayment obligations (Bull, p.29). Net profit margin is the ratio of net profits to net sales of a company.   This ratio reflects companys efficiency especially within its industry.   Investors are attracted to stocks of companies with high net profit margin (Moyer, James and William, p.70) It is the ratio of company market share price to Earnings per share and is mostly used as a valuation of investments indicator. P/E reflects the premium paid for a share and thus growth investors look for higher P/E ratios in contrast to value investors. It reflects future earnings growth of a company and consequently implying it has no debt risk to banks. . It is important for investors and financial institutions to note that financial ratios are subject to weakness in accounting methods. In addition, some ratios on their own are meaningless and thus need to be combined with others to draw a conclusive financial decision. Thus, in my opinion financial ratios should be used as indicators and not as complete evidence of company financial position (Beyer,

Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Operations Management - Essay Example Thus no organization can afford to be involved in non-value adding activities (Brown 2005). Non-value adding activities not only increase costs but also result in poor outputs, slow delivery and reduced flexibility to respond to the market forces. In our following discussion, we will start by understanding the various theories and latest practices in the field of Operations Management (OM). We will also try to understand the practical aspects of OM and see how these are actually implemented in the real organizational context. Since we need to analyze Aldi Stores, which is a chain of retail stores, we will look at the implications of Operations management in the field of retail management. Retail has become a very competitive field today. As retail chains were the first to enter into the globalization arena, especially international sourcing, this industry has reached a very mature level of internationalization of operations. Managing these operations to obtain the real benefits of internationalization is of critical importance for these organizations. Our aim in the pursuing sections will be to see how these concepts and theories of operations management as a whole (and in specific relation to the retail industry) can be used for obtaining operational excellence at Aldi Stores. Hence, we will first look at operations management examples that have provided competitive advantage to Aldi as well as its competitors Tesco, ASDA and J Sainsbury. This will be followed by a discussion on some OM problems being faced by these companies. A major concern of this field of management is the cost of implementation as it is highly dependent on technology. Thus, we will analyze the costs and benefits accrued from OM implementation at Aldi. After analyzing all aspects of the operations management we will look at some solutions to the problems faced by Aldi in this respect and arrive at some concrete recommendations for its

Leadership observation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership observation - Essay Example For this reason, this paper discusses a leadership observation activity that was conducted in the crossroad nursing home and rehabilitation center in Davenport Florida. Crossroad nursing home and rehabilitation center in Davenport Florida is a facility with a bed capacity of sixty. The mission statement of crossroad nursing home and rehabilitation center is to commit to quality care and services to acknowledge, clarify, meet and exceed the expectations of the clients. The facility cares for the health needs of both the patients who need specialized nursing care, as well as those with rehabilitation needs. However, a small facility, Crossroad offers a perfect environment for enhancement of both social and medical health. The medical and non-medical staff maintains a cordial and cooperative, friendly relationship from the administrative level to the housekeepers. Working as a regular staff nurse, I managed to follow and observe L.C, who is a BSN and the unit manager. L.C being the manager of the entire units is in charge of all the sixty patients who are the residents of the facility. This work requires constant interaction with the staff and the pat ients. L.C maintains a cordial relationship with the director of nursing who is her supervisor in the unit. Following and observing L.C as my leader model, I realized she employed a transformational and democratic leadership approach where she influenced her juniors with motivation and need for achievement of objectives (Denhardt & Campbell, 2006). I realized the unit manager was categorical with time management and execution of duty among the employees under her supervision. L.C reports daily and begins by inquiring for the presence of all the staff on duty, this is followed by making a follow up on any staff who may not be present, this goes to a level where she calls the clients to inquire the reason for lateness, and then proceeds to make a work schedule for the day. L.C keeps herself informed of

Employment Law--- case study on Whitakers Fine Wines Limited Essay

Employment Law--- case study on Whitakers Fine Wines Limited - Essay Example The additional workload carried out by Adam was due to the implied duties of obedience and trust and confidence on Sarah and Whitakers respectively. A contract of employment is defined by s.230 (2) Employment Rights Act 1996, is subject to general principles of law of contract and comprises of express and implied terms. The express terms are agreed between the parties involved. The agreement can be either oral or written. On the other hand, implied terms can result from either the statute, courts’ interpretation of situations and duties imposed by the common law. It should be noted that unambiguous express terms in a written contract are generally acceptable and conclusive for instance, (Gascol Conventions V Mercer). Additionally, where an employee agrees to that particular term they are bound by it. The express terms cannot be ousted by implied terms. However, there are selected scenarios a precedent dictates implied Duty of Trust and Confidence can override an express term i f exercised unreasonably. Legal matters The Health and Safety at Work At of 1974 defines the basic structure of the workplace. According to the Act, employers have the duty to ensure that the safety, health, and welfare of their workers are assured as much as reasonably practicable. About safety and health, the Act demands that the working environment of all employees should pose no health risks and should be safe to the extent practicably possible. On the other hand, section 7 of the Act stipulates that the employee should cooperate with their employer and other persons in the performance of their duty as much as possible while taking reasonable care for their safety and that of others. Furthermore, the Employment Relations Act (section 44) stipulates that a worker retain the right not to be subjected to detriment because of an employer’s action or inaction. In the case of Adam, the company acted in a manner that may have the posed risk to Adam by subjecting him to overwork that resulted in his state of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, the company failed to act appropriately by not providing an adequate solution to Adam’s problem, which he articulated well in time. One leading cause of injury at the workplace relates to negligence as exemplified in Donoghue Vs Stevenson [1932] and Caparo Vs Dickman [1990] (Feinman, 2010). In this case, negligence appears to have been on the division of the company as it failed to respond appropriately to avoid risking Adam’s life. Adam seems not to have acted in negligence, as he appears to have taken his duty seriously. Apparently, express terms of the engagement did not contain any obligation on Adam’s part to take care for the role of the sick manager, leading to a breach of his employment rights. As observed in Jarrod v. North Devon NHS Primary Care Trust 2006, passing on the responsibility of the absent employee amounts to breach of employment regulations (Personnel Today 2006, para.4). Ad ditionally, the deliberation on the liability of the employer will illustrate the breach of implied terms, where only the employee seems to comply. Whereas his acceptance to serve in the role of the sick employee was voluntary, the management acted in negligence of the agreement that previously relied on the premise that the leave would take short (Cabrillo, 2007). Signs of negligence from the director and human resources officials emerge from the facts given in the case, which can directly relate to the

Ways to stay healthy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ways to stay healthy - Essay Example This can be done by involving one’s body in exercises. In the current way of living in which many people sit behind computers all day either for work or pleasure, being involved in exercises is important for the body. Depending on objective of a person intending to start doing exercises, the amount of time and form of exercise varies. However, one hour of exercise is acceptable on a daily basis as way of staying fit and healthy. The most popular ways to exercise include jogging, going to the gym, walking and participating in sports which involve whole body movement as opposed to board games and computer games (Dale 16). Exercises help the body maintain its flexibility, improve the immune system, slow aging and helps one stay free from diseases such as heart attacks and diabetes. It is important to watch out what one eats or drinks in order stay healthy. People should eat a balanced diet in order to give the body all the nutrients it needs (Elson 19). It is believed that eating healthy lowers health risks such as heart disease, obesity, diabetes, cancer and hypertension. A healthy balanced diet involves eating primarily vitamins, carbohydrates and proteins. Vitamins are found in vegetables and fruits. Carbohydrates are found in grains and potatoes among others. Whole grains are best for the purpose of fulfilling caloric requirements of the body. Adequate water consumption is important in order to stay healthy. It is recommended that one should drink at least eight glasses of water on a daily basis (Walter 21). A healthy diet provides energy needs of the body and supports human nutrition without the subjection to excessive or toxicity weight gain from consuming excessive amounts. Last but not least, it is important to undertaking regular checks even when one feels that the he or she is okay. This is important for early detection of diseases and thus increases chances of smooth treatment. Cancer, one of the leader killer diseases,

Write and discribe the poem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Write and discribe the poem - Essay Example Like the hands of the child whose mother left him in darkness./ (lines 4-5). Here, I have related the emptiness of ocean with the despair of a child whose mother has left him alone and has departed him. The empty hands of the child mean that he has nothing left to him for hope. He has no hope of life, love, care, and shelter. He is desolate and deserted. Just like him, the ocean is empty and has no hope for any water coming in, which refers to the fact that the world is empty of loving people, and there is no hope for such people for good. The next metaphor that I have used in the poem is comparing a beautiful lady with love. The narrator states that he saw a beautiful dame right at the moment he was feeling thirsty, and to his surprise, she was carrying a pitcher that must contain water for him. She was coming toward him, inviting him to drink from the pitcher. The narrator ran to her, even when his feet were injured, but to his dismay, he was not able to walk fast. Still, he managed to reach her, and was shocked to see that the lady was no more a dame, she was love in disguise, ugly and uninviting. She jumped at him, and ate him up, which has a very deep meaning. The narrator, in fact, had met a beautiful lady, but he was so thirsty that he could not see clearly. This means that he found the love of his dreams, but he was so thirsty of love, that he could not recognize the real, ugly intentions of the woman. He fell in love with her, but when he found out her insincerity and dishonesty, it was too late. She had brok en his heart. The third metaphor is here: /The pitcher was empty, Like the hands of the child whose mother left him in darkness./ (lines 14-15), which means that the woman he had loved had nothing in her heart for him, and was dishonest. She ate him up, means that she broke his heart. The narrator says he is no more, which means that he is totally wrecked, and feels like dying. Hence, I have used metaphors at three different places as

Industrial Services of America Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Industrial Services of America Inc - Essay Example It is evident that a number of factors including promotion, job security, approval from peers and management, and appraisals, motivate employees in an organizational scenario. Internal factors, such as ethics, values, and morals of the organization affect the motivation and work output of the employees. A successful organization ensues that its employees are well motivated because they are the organization itself. An organization should study and structure its throughput variables in a manner that will enhance employee motivation. The knowledge of throughput variable interaction is essential for successful employee motivation and performance enhancement (Burke, 2010). This paper will examine the throughput variables of Industrial Services of America Inc. and how their interaction influences employee motivation and performance. Industrial Services of America is a company that is in the recycling business majoring in metal recycling. This business is quite competitive in the United Sta tes, and this exposes ISA to potential business risks and stiff competition from some of the established recycling companies. This problem is compounded by the fact that the economy is unfavorable for the market; therefore, the company’s returns are adversely affected. ISA management has resorted to employee motivation using throughput variable interaction to influence employee motivation and enhance performance. This increases the work output of employees thus increasing the returns of the company. Throughput Variables used by ISA Mission and Strategy The mission and strategy of ISA emphasizes on consistent and clarity in communication that are essential for the company’s success. The senior management believes in forming a mission and vision statement that is celebrated by both the public and the employees. To ensure that employees celebrate the strategy and the mission of the organization, the teams that create it must consider the opinions of the employees in the p rocess. Studies have shown that those organizations that have involved teams at all levels in mission and strategic planning increase an employee’s motivation to the success of the organization. Through wide consultations and public debate, the employees’ individual needs and divergent views are listened to without reprimand. This process motivates employees because it makes them valued and thus dissipating any hidden rebellion or resistance to management (Sharma, 2006). Individual needs and values As aforementioned, an individual’s need for satisfaction influences their motivation. ISA is like a society with employees with a diverse background. This translates to different needs and values among the company’s employees, which makes it vital for the organization to enhance its ability to meet the different needs of the employees. ISA identifies the values and needs of its employees through integrating them in the process of major decision-making. The comp any has a culture in which the management mingles freely with the junior employees besides the use of effective feedback mechanisms that are employed. The feedback mechanisms used by the company are essential for job enhancement decisions taken by the management. Job enhancement and enrichment boost employee motivation. This is because the meeting of the employees’

Cultural and business impressions of Brazil Research Paper

Cultural and business impressions of Brazil - Research Paper Example â€Å"As Catholicism is the predominant religion in Brazil, many of these events have a strong Catholic influence.† (Doing Business in Brazil | Brazilian Social and Business Culture, 2009, p.1). The multiplicity of the Brazilian culture is additionally stressed by the widespread class variation, which pervades approximately each facet of the society. Brazilian companies have a tendency to maintain perpendicular hierarchies â€Å"where managers at the top make most of the decisions.† (Doing Business in Brazil | Brazilian Social and Business Culture, 2009, p.1). These points lean to be ruled by the male associates. However, women are gradually moving ahead in the employment of executive positions. Diversity in rank is still now very common in the Brazilian culture. Class is frequently grounded on financial position. The class discrimination in the arena of business is slight now. Brazil’s economic scenario and cultural aspects are quite different than that of USA. To begin a business is the key step that an American organization appreciates. It automatically generates a connection of the fresher in American business arena with a multitude of already established American business personalities. The development of an aptitude to sense and observe the behavior, notions of the business associates are important here. From the very initial contact with anybody in a wide range business in USA, there is supposed to be a considerate aim to study, that how the Americans perform in daily business conditions. It is based on the handling of as many customers one can manage at a time. A fast and compact training to develop such approach is necessary. â€Å"Training partners can be suppliers, business partners, people† (Baier, 2010) that a businessman meets on a trade conference. Even the telemarketers could be a source of such training. A specific sense of the work associates with whom one is dealing is also important. On the other hand, as a

School Girls Essay Example for Free

School Girls Essay In the book School Girls by Peggy Orenstein, the focus is on young adolescent girls in middle school, and the effects that the Hidden Curriculum and other elements have on their self esteem. Hidden Curriculum teaches girls to value silence and compliance. (pg.35) The hidden curriculum is a theory that boys often get more attention than girls in the classroom, and that even if it is negative attention, the girls learn that they are not as important, and they eventually give up hope, and stop speaking out in class. Educators reward assertiveness and aggression over docility, the very behavior that is prized in girls becomes and obstacle to their success.(p.36). This means that while girls are acting the way a teacher would like them to, the boys that are more aggressive get the attention, and the girls lose their self-esteem. Charles L. Richman found that high achieving white girls in particular are subject to unrealistic standards of success. When they fall short, they overgeneralized failures with an intense self-punitiveness; by late adolescence, their self-esteem has spiraled downward. (Pg.38). The focus of sexual harassment is a big one as well. Girls are not taught about sex and contraceptives, and therefore know nothing about their sexual selves. We consciously infuse girls with a sense of shame. (p.57) If we do not teach girls about their bodies, and teach them to be assertive, than sexual harassment will occur. As much as girls repress desire, they embrace desirability. (p.62) .

Overview Of The Success Of Alibaba Com

Overview Of The Success Of Alibaba Com The strategic plan defines Alibaba.coms overall mission and objectives, and that is true for any given company. Within each business unit, marketing plays a role in helping to accomplish the overall strategic objectives. Alibaba.coms goal is to build strong and profitable customer relationships. Alibaba.coms marketing strategy will consider the marketing logic by which the company hopes to achieve these profitable customer relationships. How they do that? Through market segmentation, targeting, and positioning. Guided by marketing strategy, Alibaba.com designs a marketing mix made up of factors under its control (product, price, place, and promotion). To find the best marketing mix and put it into action, Alibaba.com engages in marketing analysis, planning, implementation, and control. Through these activities, Alibaba.com should watches and adapts to the actors and forces in the marketplace environment. It is clear that an Alibaba.com objective is to win suppliers and buyers relatio nships. Long time relationships are profit to the company. The marketing mix is the set of controllable, tactical marketing tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market. The marketing mix consists of everything the firm can do to influence the demand for its products and services. The many possibilities are collected into four groups of variables known as the four Ps: product, price, place, and promotion. (G. Armstrong, 2007) Product means the goods and services combination that Alibaba.com offers to the target market, to the buyers. At Alibaba.com web site buyers more often find not only the products they need but service agreement, warranty, or other services. All which are parts of the product package. Product package include: variety, quality, design, features, brand name, packaging, and services. Price Price is the amount of money Alibaba.coms buyers has to pay to obtain the product. The retail price of a consumer product may be suggested by the manufacturer, but retailers are free to set any price they wish for items sold in their stores. In business to business sales, the price of a product is usually negotiated. However, at Alibaba.com, if a buyer wishes to get more of the same product, the buyer will get a discounted price. Place Place or distribution refers to the locations where the product is available to the customer. Most consumer products are available at retail outlets. In business to business, transaction should be from a manufacturing to the buyers. And every product, whatever it is a consumer or a business product, must begin somewhere, and must, somehow, get into the hands of the buyer. The path that the product takes, from the point of origin to point of sale, is called the distribution channel, which is an important part of the marketing mix. Most of Alibaba.coms products are from China. Therefore, Alibaba.com must deal with third company such as FedEx to ease the transportation of the distribution. Promotion Promotion is the set of activities that communicates the merits of the product and persuades prospective customers to buy it. These activities include everything related to marketing communications: advertising, sales promotion, public relations, direct marketing, and personal selling. As for Alibaba.com, the company needs to focus more into promotion. More direct marketing and advertising is the key to success at this stage. An effective marketing program blends all elements of the marketing mix into a coordinated plan designed to achieve the companys marketing objectives by delivering value to customers. The marketing mix constitutes the companys tactical tool kit for establishing strong positioning in the target markets or into the marketplaces. Conclusion and recommendations In conclusion, Alibaba Group makes it easy for anyone to buy or sell online anywhere in the world. Alibaba group is a family of Internet-based businesses that includes business-to-business international trade, online retail and payment platforms and data-centric cloud computing services. The Group was founded in 1999 by Jack Ma, a pioneer who has aspired to help make the Internet accessible, trustworthy and beneficial for everyone. The privately held Alibaba Group reaches Internet users in more than 240 countries and regions, and employs 17,000 people in more than 50 cities in Greater China, Japan, Korea, the United Kingdom and the United States. (www.news.alibaba.com) There are many companies partnered with Alibaba group. Such companies: Alibaba.com Global leader in business-to-business e-commerce Taobao Chinas largest Internet retail website and one-stop platform for shopping, socializing and information sharing Alipay Chinas leading third-party online payment platform Alibaba Cloud Computing Developer of advanced data-centric cloud computing services China Yahoo! One of Chinas leading Internet portals Although, since Alibaba group was found in 1999, and won more than 6 awards and honors, I recommend that the marketing management of Alibaba group should look into consideration to their promotional strategy. In fact, more of public relations and advertising will pump up awareness. Doing so, the group may benefit more buyers and seller; after all, that is the marketing objective of the group.

An overview: Chikungunya fever

An overview: Chikungunya fever Introduction The derivation of chikungunya came from Tanzania, when there were reports of a dengue-like symptom outbreak in 1952-1953, in the Newala and Masasi Districts of the Southern Province. However, dengue was later excluded on the basis that this epidemic involved patients suffering from debilitating joint pains and shorter incubation period which are not clinical features of dengue. Consequently, the illness was called chikungunya; (Robinson 1955) a word from the Makonde dialect describing patients contorted posture (Lumsden 1955). Chikungunya is an arthropod borne virus (arbovirus) of the genus: Alphavirus from Togaviridae family. It is transmitted to humans mainly by day biting mosquito species Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Townson and Nathan 2008). Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) contains a positive-sense single stranded RNA genome, enclosed in an icosahedral nucleocapsid (combination of nucleic acid and capsid) all enclosed in a phospholipid bilayer envelope. Embedded in the envelope are multiple copies of two encoded glycoproteins E1 and E2, a small glycoprotein E3, and a hydrophobic peptide 6K (Strauss and Strauss 1994). History There were no previous reported cases of chikungunya or dengue in Tanzania before the chikungunya epidemic in 1952 1953 thus, the inhabitants were highly susceptible in acquiring CHIKV infections (Robinson 1955). Prescott et al, 2002 stated that herd immunity; that is, the immunity that is acquired by a large proportion of the population either through vaccination, or from previous infections, thereby rendering the population resistant to the spread of the diseases. Furthermore, other factors could have contributed to the epidemic including records of unusually high rainfall during February to May 1952. Consequently, this condition was thought to provide suitable breeding environment for the mosquitoes to expand their population, suggesting that the main vector of transmissions were mosquitoes (Lumsden 1955). However, not only high rainfall was implicated in enhancing mosquitoes breeding environment, but also water filled clay jars dug in the inhabitants huts floor in preparation fo r the drought season. Consequently, these jars are rarely completely emptied, which further enhanced mosquitoes populations. Another contributing factor to the epidemic could be the living conditions and lifestyles of the indigenous populations. Animals such as fowl, pigeons and occasionally goats were reared in the inhabitants huts. Consequently, these vertebrates could also serve as CHIKV hosts, and thus, this has provided opportunities for transmissions between animals and humans. During early January 1953, the incidence of the epidemic has reached its peak (Lumsden 1955). However, once a person has acquired the infection, that person will become immune to further infections with the same virus (Robinson 1955). Subsequently, this means that as herd immunity increases, the number of viraemic inhabitants decreases. Aim Consequently, it has inspired this literature review on chikungunya in assessing its outbreaks incidence and prevalence, its associations with dengue and the vectors. Furthermore, from this to determine if it poses a risk that Western medicine should be planning for. Clinical Features Chikungunya has a viraemic incubation period of 3-12 days (Robinson 1955). Rezza et al. (2007) described chikungunya as a mild and self limited disease in most of the patients. with patients presenting with clinical features such as fever ranging from 39-39.8oC, fatigue, skin rash (sometimes itches), headache, joint pain (arthalgia), muscle pain (myalgia), diarrhoea, vomiting, photophobia, and conjunctivitis. Furthermore, Kannan et al. (2009) observed most of the above symptoms with inclusion of oedema, oral ulcers, nausea, and haemorrhage. Arthalgia and myalgia involves extremities such as wrists, ankles, hands, feet and phalanges. However, arthalgia, myalgia, oedema, lethargy, and weakness persisted even after fever had subsided (Kannan et al. 2009). However, the La Reunion outbreak observed vertical transmissions from mother to child, with newborns presenting with chikungunya infection without prior involvement of mosquitoes. These infants presented with fever, pain, poor feeding, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), petechiae, distal joint oedema, and thrombocytopenia. Also involved were severe neonatal infections including encephalitis and haemorrhagic fever. Furthermore, there were cases whereby transient brain haemorrhages were complicated by the presence of DIC (Gà ©rardin et al. 2008). Table 1: represents different clinical features that were associated with chikungunya infection during several outbreaks. Clinical Features associated with Chikungunya Most common Joint pain (96.6%) Fever Fever Fever Fever (96.3%) Joint pain Joint pain Arthalgia Headache (71.2%) Arthritis Fatigue Myalgia Muscle pain (62.6%) Myalgia Skin rash Headache Cutaneous eruptions (32.5%) Arthralgia Headache Anorexia Headache Muscle pain Nausea Rash Diarrhoea Itch/ Rash Sore throat Itch/ Rash Oedema Vomiting Oral ulcer Photophobia Eye pain Conjunctivitis Vomiting Eye congestion Least common Haemorrhage Reference Renault et al. 2007 Yosulf et al. 2008 Kannan et al. 2009 Distribution of Chikungunya The World Health Organisation (WHO) alerted the Global Alert and Response Network in March 2005, of an impending outbreak of chikungunya fever in the Comoro Islands. It was the first Southwestern Indian Ocean islands to be implicated in the epidemic, subsequently; other countries were later implicated in this epidemic. The emergence of the epidemic in Mayotte was imported from Grande-Comore by mid-April and by the end of April Mauritius was also implicated. Overall, the Southwestern Indian Ocean region was believed to be afflicted by the first emergence of CHIKV (Renault et al. 2007). In April 2005, a chikungunya infection which started in Grande-Comorre was imported into La Reunion (French Overseas Territory), became its first severe reported case, in March 2004 to April 2005. It resulted in the establishment of a wide operational epidemiologic surveillance system by the islands local authority with the following objectives monitor epidemic trends, characterise cases and detect new transmission clusters to provide orientations for prevention and vector control. Unfortunately, the collection of data was not conducted scientifically, as the figures of reported cases were not scientifically correlated (Renault et al. 2007). Moreover, there were also flaws in the correlation of the epidemic curve as the capacity of the surveillance system was not sufficient to evaluate the number of cases. Consequently, this resulted in an underestimated number of reported cases. (Renault et al. 2007). Approximately 3% cases did not correspond with the criteria defining suspected cas es as an abrupt onset of fever >38.5oC accompanied by debilitating joint pain. However, Renault et al. (2007) argued that these were mainly due to some atypical cases that were confirmed by laboratory testing and also due to errors in reporting cases. Moreover, there could have been misdiagnosis of chikungunya infection as not all of the atypical cases were laboratory confirmed; and also the previous year there were outbreak of dengue. By April 2006, 203 deaths which were either directly or indirectly attributed to chikungunya infection with the mortality rate of 0.3/1000 people with a median age of 79. Consequently, the number of deaths was minimal. Moreover, the low immune status of the individual as indicated by the age could have been a contributing factor to the death, as some of these individuals were presented with other underlying conditions. However, direct association between death and infection was not confirmed due to the absence of autopsies, consequently; this made it difficult to assess the extent chikungunya virus had on death. Mayotte, an island of the Comoros archipelago was involved in the first CHIKV outbreak in April 2005 to July 2006 affecting approximately 6346 residents. The outbreak involved two waves, with peak occurring in the second wave aroIn the Maldives, an outbreak occurred during December 2006 to April 2007 with 11879 confirmed and suspected cases. Out of the 197 inhabited Maldives islands 121 islands reported CHIKV. The epidemic was thought to be associated with unusually high rainfall from October 2006 to March 2007 and post tsunami construction activities which provided breeding sites for mosquitoes. (Yoosuf et al. 2008). On the east coast of Madagascar, in Toamasina, Chikungunya virus and Dengue type 1 virus outbreak were reported during January to March 2006. The study involved interrogating 4,242 residents in 27 neighbourhoods, of which 2,863 were suspected cases and of these 44 were hospitalised cases. 55 patients serum were sampled after passing the criteria which included having less than five days of fever as well as three of these symptoms: headache, myalgia, arthralgia, retroorbital pain or rash. The results included 24 dengue patients, 4 chikungunya and 10 co-infections. As the study was only based on clinical investigations, and only a few samples were analysed, there were insufficient investigation to measure the Chikungunyas and Dengues contributions in the 2 peaks of the epidemic curve. Furthermore, 2 of the 24 Dengue patients had IgM Chikungunya virus. This could be caused by false positive or false negative results, resulting in misdiagnosis or they were in fact co-infections (Ratsitor ahina et al. 2008). The cases represented on the map are either confirmed cases or suspected cases. Reference: 1 Krastinova et al. 2006, 2 Rezza et al. 2007, 3 Pastorino et al. 2004, 4 Sissoko et al. 2008, 5 Lumsden 1955, 6 Tamburro and Depertat 2009, 7 CDC 2009, 8 WHO 2008, 9 Yoosuf et al. 2009. Transmission of CHIKV CHIKV requires an invertebrate and vertebrate host in order to complete its replication cycle (Pardigon 2009). Invertebrate hosts also known as definitive hosts are mainly the Aedes mosquito species. The Aedes mosquito becomes infected subsequent to ingesting viraemic blood meal from infected vertebrate hosts. The blood meal containing CHIKV travel to the gut, there CHIKV undergo replication within the gut wall. Subsequently, CHIKV contain mechanisms permitting its penetration into the mosquitoes tissues. From there, it passes through either the bloodstream or by other methods (not well known) to different sites of the body such as the salivary glands where it undergoes further replication. Extrinsic incubation period (EIP) is defined as the time taken for the vector to transmit CHIKV after ingesting a viraemic blood meal. Subsequently, there are factors that could influence the length of the EIP including temperature which increases when the EIP decreases. This is thought to be an i nverse proportional relationship. Moreover, the quantity of viraemic blood ingested is another factor (Cook and Zumla 2009). Furthermore, Ross (1956) research demonstrated that a mosquito could harbour viral particles for up to 30 days. Gould and Higgs (2009) suggested that vertical transmission of CHIKV from infected mosquitoes result in infected mosquitoes eggs. These eggs, due to their dessicated nature, are able to survive for long period of time in the environment where it hatches during the rainy season. Sylvatic transmission cycle involves vertebrate hosts such as primates, birds, and rodents which serve as natural hosts (Pardigon 2009). However, humans were considered accidental hosts, resulting in urban transmission cycles producing epidemics. After taking a viraemic bloodmeal from an infected human the domestic mosquitoes can also become infected thereby contributing to the outbreaks (Gould and Higgs 2009). Distributions of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti The main vectors of chikungunya are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The vector involved in the 2005/2006 Mayotte outbreak was Aedes albopictus which resided locally on the island (Sissoko et al. 2008). Aedes albopictus was involved in the 2006 Dengue fever and Chikungunya outbreak in Madagascar. The mosquito was found in drums, buckets, coconut shells, discarded cans, pots wet containers and tyres (Ratsitorahina et al. 2008). In the 2007 Italian outbreak, the only vector present was Aedes albopictus (Rezza et al. 2007). The main vector associated with recent outbreaks was Aedes albopictus. Effect of climate change Most of the cases occurred after reports of high rainfall. Association with Dengue Fever and Malaria In the 1999-2000 Democratric Republic of Congo outbreak, patients had acquired simultaneous CHIKV and Plasmodium falciparum infection. However, there were not sufficient evidence to prove co-infection between the two but it was assumed by the authors that it was probable (Pastorino et al. 2004). Compared to CHIKV, dengue virus is of the genus Flavirivirus from Flaviridae family and contains 4 serotypes (Dayal-Drager 2004 cited by Seyler et al. 2009). The 2006 Madagascar outbreak showed that the mosquito can harbour both Chikungunya and dengue virus (Ratsitorahina et al. 2008). CHIKV is often masked by dengue fever due to similar clinical features. Consequently, a study by Vazeille et al. (2008) demonstrated that Aedes aegypti has a higher susceptibility in Dengue 2 virus and a lower susceptibility to CHIKV. Moreover, studies by Vazeille et al. (2008) and Moutailler et al. (2009) demonstrated that Aedes albopictus are more effiecient at harbouring CHIKV than dengue 2 virus. Importation into Europe France Between March 2005 to August 2006, 80 visitors from Chikungunya infected countries in the Southwest Indian Ocean region (La Reunion, Mauritius, Mayotte, Comoros and India) confirmed chikungunya infection at Pitià ©-Salpà ªtrià ¨ne Hospital in Paris, France (Hochedez et al. 2007). Italy In 2007, a massive CHIKV outbreak occurred in the Emilia Romagna region in northeastern Italy. There were 205 identified cases with frebile illness reported in Castiglione di Cervia and Castiglione di Ravenna villages (171) separated by the river in Revana province, and Cervia (13) and other villages (21), between July 4 to September 27. The epidemic was believed to be imported from Kerala, India (CHIKV epidemic infested area) by a man, who after two days of his arrival in Castiglione di Cervia developed frebile illness. The majority of the cases were the elderly (median age 60) representing increased incidence with age. Aedes albopictus which causes Chikungunya was also found in the area of the epidemic which further propagated the virus. Positive CHIKV sequences were detected in 90 captured Aedes albopictus mosquitoes from Castiglione di Cervia and 125 from Castiglione di Ravenna. Most cases occurred in Castiglione di Cervia and Castiglione di Ravenna Villages with peak incidence d uring third week of August. The 13 Cervia cases were local transmission introduced from Castiglione through migration (Rezza et al. 2007). Other European Countries Due to travelling, several European countries have encountered CHIKV from viraemic travellers from epidemic countries (Panning et al. 2008). The study was conducted at the Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine in Hamburg, Germany involved 680 patients. References Beran, G. W. (1994) Handbook of zoonoses. Section B: Viral. 2nd Edition. CRC Press LLC: Florida. CDC. (2009) Outbreak notice. Chikungunya in Asia and the Indian Ocean. http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/content/outbreak-notice/chikungunya-fever.aspx. Accessed on 28th January 2010. CDC. (2008) Chikungunya Transmission http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/Chikungunya/CH_Transmission.html Downloaded on 8th December 2009. Cook, G. C., Zumla, A. I. (2009) Mansons Tropical Diseases. 22nd Edition. Saunders: China. Gà ©rardin, P., Barau, G., Michault, A., Bintner, M., Randrianaivo, H., Choker, G., Lenglet, Y., Touret, Y., Bouveret, A., Grivard, P., Le Roux, K., Blanc, S., Schuffenecker, I., Couderc, T., Arenzana-Seisdedos, F., Lecuit, M., Robillard, P-Y. (2008) Multidisciplinary Prospective Study of Mother-to-Child Chikungunya virus Infections on the Island of La Rà ©union. PLoS Medicine, 5(3), 413-423. Gould, E. A., Higgs, S. (2009) Impact of climate change and other factors on emerging arbovirus diseases. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 103(2), 109-121. Hochedez, P., Hausfater, P., Jaureguiberry, S., Gay, F., Datry, A., Danis, M., Bricaire, F., Bossi, P. (2007) Cases of Chikungunya Fever Imported from the Islands of the Southwest Indian Ocean to Paris, France. Eurosurveillance. 12(1-3). Available online: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=679LanguageId=2. Accessed date: 12th November 2009. Kannan, M., Rajendran, R., Sunish, I. P., Balasubramaniam, R., Arunachalam, N., Paramasivan, R., Tewari, S. C., Philip, Samuel, P., Tyagi, B. K. (2009) A study on chikungunya outbreak during 2007 in Kerala, south India. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 129,(3), 311-315. Krastinova, E., Quatresous, I., Tarantola, A. (2006) Imported cases of chikungunya in metropolitan France. Eurosurveillance, 34(11). Available online: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=3030. Accessed on: 28th January 2010. Lumsden, W. H. R. (1955) An Epidemic of Virus Disease in Southern Province, Tanganyika Territory, in 1952-53 II. General Description and Epidemiology. Transaction of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hgeine. 49(1), 33-57. Moutailler, S., Barre, H., Vazielle, M., Failloux, A-B. (2009) Recently introduced Aedes albopictus in Corsica is competent to Chikungunya virus and in a lesser extent to dengue virus. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 14(9), 1105-1109. Panning, M., Grywna, K., Van Esbroeck, M., Emmerich, P., Drosten, C. (2008) Chikungunya Fever in Travellers Returning to Europe from the Indian Ocean Region, 2006. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 14(3), 416-422. Paquet, C., Quatresous, I., Solet, J.-L., Sissoko, D., Renault, P., Pierre, V., Cordel, H., Lassalle, C., Thiria, J., Zeller, H., Schuffnecker, I. (2006) Chikungunya outbreak In Rà ©union: epidemiology and surveillance, 2005 to early January 2006. Eurosurveillance. 11(5). Available online: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=2891. Accessed on: 12th November 2009. Pardigon, N. (2009) The biology of chikungunya: A brief review of what we still do not know. Pathologie Biologie. 57(2), 127-132. Pastorino, B., Muyembe-Tamfum, J.J., Bessaud, M., Tock, F., Tolou, H., Durand, J.P., Peyrefitte, C.N. (2004) Epidemic Resurgence of Chikungunya Virus in Democratic Republic of the Congo: Identification of the New Central African Strain. Journal of Medical Virology 74(2), 277-282. Pialoux, G., Gaà ¼zà ¨re, B.-A., Jaurà ©guiberry, S., Strobel, M. (2007) Chikungunya, an epidemic arbovirosis. Lancet Infectious Diseases 7(5), 319-327. Prescott, L.M., Harley, J.P., Klein, D.A. (2002) Microbiology. Fifth Edition. Boston; London : McGraw-Hill. Ratsitorahina, M., Harisoa, J., Ratovonjato, J., Biacabe, S., Reynes, J.-M., Zeller, H., Raoelina, Y., Talarmin, A., Richard, V., Soares, J.-L. (2008) Outbreak of Dengue and Chikungunya Fevers, Toamasina, Madagascar, 2006. Emerging Infectious Diseases 14(7), 1135-1137. Renault, P., Solet, J.-L., Sissoko, D., Balleydier, E., Larrieu, S., Filleul, L., Lassalle, C., Thiria, J., Rachou, E., De Valk, H., Ilef, D., Ledrans, M., Quatresous, I., Quenel, P., Pierre, V. (2007) A major epidemic of chikungunya virus infection on Reunion Island, France, 2005-2006. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 77(4), 727-731. Rezza, G., Nicoletti, L., Angelini, R., Romi, R., Finarelli, A.C., Panning, M., Cordioli, P., Fortuna, C., Boros, S., Magurano, F., Silvi, G., Angelini, P., Dottori, M., Ciufolini, M.G., Majori, G. C., Cassone, A. (2007) Infection with chikungunya virus in Italy: an outbreak in a temperate region. Lancet. 370(9602), 1840-1846. Robinson, M.C. (1952) An epidemic of virus disease in Southern Province, Tanganyika Territory, in 1952-1953. I Clinical features. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 49(1), 28-32. Ross, R. W. (1956). The Journal of Hygiene. 54(2): 192-200. Sissoko, D., Malvy, D., Giry, C., Delmas, G., Paquet, C., Gabrie, P., Pettinelli, F., Sanquer, M.-A., Pierre, V. (2008) Outbreak of Chikungunya fever in Mayotte, Comoros archipelago, 2005-2006. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 102(8), 780-786. Staikowsky, F., Talarmin, F., Grivard, P., Souab, A., Schuffenecker, I., Le Roux, K., Lecuit, M. Michault, A. (2009) Prospective Study of Chikungunya Virus Acute Infection in the Island of La Rà ©union during the 2005-2006 Outbreak. PLoS one. 4(10), e7603. Strauss, J. H., Strauss, E. G. (1994) The alphaviruses: gene expression, replication, and evolution. Microbiological Reviews. 58(3), 491-562. Tamburro, M., Depertat, T. (2009) Protection measures against mosquito bites in Reunion island during chikungunya epidemics in 2005- 2006 and since then. Archives de Pà ©diatrie, 16(6), 763-765. Townson, H., Nathan, M. B. (2008) Resurgence of chikungunya. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 102(4), 308-309. Vazeille, M., Moutailler, S., Pages, F., Jarjaval, F., Failloux, A.-B. (2008) Introduction of Aedes albopictus in Gabon: what consequences for dengue and chikungunya transmission? Tropical Medicine and International Health. 13(9), 1176-1179. WHO. (2006) Chikungunya in India. Available online: http://www.who.int/csr/don/2006_10_17/en/print.html. Accessed on: 28th January 2010. WHO. (2008) Chikungunya in South-West Asia Update. Available online: http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/Section2246_13975.htm. Accessed on: 28th January 2010. WHO. (2009) Chikungunya Fever, a re-emerging Disease in Asia. Available online: . Accessed on: 20th February 2010. Yoosuf, A. A., Shiham, I., Mohamed, A. J., Ali, G., Luna, J. M., Pandav, R., Gongal, G. N., Nisaluk, A., Jarman, R. G., Gibbons, R. V. (2008) First report of chikungunya from the Maldives. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygeine. 103(2), 192-196.

Korean Immigrants to America Essay example -- Immigration Essays

Korean Immigrants to America On January 13, 1903, the first Korean Immigrants set foot in Hawaii. There were eighty six people on that first voyage, and since then there have been over 550,000 Koreans who have made the journey to the United States over the past 100 years. The original immigrants and their descendants now total over 1.6 million. Korean Americans make up one of the most prominent Asian communities in the United States. Many elements of Korean Culture, ranging from Kim Chee to Tae Kwon Do, have made their way into the American Lifestyle. There have been many events that have shaped the Korean American community and there are many current issues that affect Korean Americans. Aboard the S.S. Gaelic, the first ship to bring Korean immigrants to the United States, there were only 102 men, women and children (Chow). However, over the next two years, over seven thousand Koreans moved to Hawaii (Kim, 367). Most were young men who came to look for a new life on the sugar cane plantations that needed labor. These plantation workers had hard lives, working to save money to bring their families over from Korea or in hopes of someday returning to their homeland. The period from 1905 to 1924 is characterized by quite a different group of Korean Immigrants. One part of this group was made up of Koreans who were running from their government and students who were studying in the US. Syngman Rhee, who would become the leader of South Korea during the Korean War, was earning his Ph.D. at Princeton University during this time. About 500 students and political refugees arrived in America (... ...st to America: Korean American Life Stories. New York: The New Press, 1996. The pictures used are from the following sites: Adamnski, Mary. â€Å"A Better Life.† The Honolulu Star Bulletin. 12 Jan. 2003. 22. Nov. 2003. (http://starbulletin.com/2003/01/12/news/story3.html) Adamnski, Mary. â€Å"Korean Immigration to Hawaii at a Glance .† The Honolulu Star Bulletin. 12 Jan. 2003. 22. Nov. 2003. (http://starbulletin.com/2003/01/12/news/story3.html) Dayton, Kevin. â€Å"KIM.† The Honolulu Advertiser. 22 Nov. 2003. (http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/specials/korean100/kim/) â€Å"Korean American Archive Photograph Sets.† 12 June, 2003. 22, Nov. 2003. (http://www.usc.edu/isd/archives/arc/findingaids/kaaphotos/index.html) â€Å"Margaret Cho Hires Photo Gallery, Misc.† The Official Margaret Cho Website. 22 Nov. 2003. (http://video.margaretcho.net/margaret_cho_photos/misc.htm)

Apples to Oranges? (Suicide Attempters VS Suicide Completers) Essays

The title â€Å"Apples to Oranges?: A direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers† immediately grabs readers’ attentions. Though, the title somewhat represents the article. Since the research is conducted within the Major Depressive Disorder population, the more suitable title of the article should read â€Å"Apples to Oranges?: A direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers in Major Depressive Disorder population.† The authors write the research article in simple and concise manners. However, it would have been helpful to the readers if the research report contains the definition of terms section in an abstract. The authors write with the assumption that the readers are already healthcare professionals. Some terms used such as â€Å"mood disorders,† â€Å"Axis I disorders,† â€Å"SCID-IV diagnostic,† are medical terminology and required some medical knowledge to understand the meanings (De Jong, Overholser, and Stockmeier, 2010, pp.90-91). The operational definition of â€Å"depression† should be introduced earlier in the article. The authors operationally define depression as fitting â€Å"all the requirements set forth in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition† (DeJong et al, 2010, p.92). This definition can be unclear to some readers. Therefore, the authors should also include the conceptual definition and expand on the list of criteria of depression according to Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorder. Problem Statement The authors imply that previous suicidal studies typically focused on comparing suicidal populations with non-suicidal controls (DeJong et al, 2010). However, the authors realize that it is as important to conduct a study within the homogen... ...me once in a life time. References American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. (2011). Facts and Figures. Retrieved from http://www.afsp.org/index.cfm?page_id=04EA1254-BD31-1FA3-C549D77E6CA6AA37 DeJong, T., Overholser, J., & Stockmeier, C. (2010). Apples to oranges?: a direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers. Journal of Affective Disorders, 124(1-2), 90-97. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. References American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. (2011). Facts and Figures. Retrieved from http://www.afsp.org/index.cfm?page_id=04EA1254-BD31-1FA3-C549D77E6CA6AA37 DeJong, T., Overholser, J., & Stockmeier, C. (2010). Apples to oranges?: a direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers. Journal of Affective Disorders, 124(1-2), 90-97. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Outline and Evaluate Research Into the Breakdown of Relationships

Outline and evaluate research into the breakdown of romantic relationships. (24 marks) One piece of research into the breakdown of romantic relationships conducted by Thibaut and Kelly, can explain why a relationship may breakdown using the Social Exchange Theory. A relationship may breakdown due to the ‘profits’ and ‘losses’ in the relationship, one of the participants in the relationship may compare the current relationship to a previous one and realise they are not getting what they should be out of it.However, Hatfield’s Equity Theory suggests that individuals in a relationship are not trying to maximise the benefits and minimise the costs, but the happiest individuals were the ones where the rewards for both parties were equal. Therefore, a relationship may not breakdown because a person is under-benefitting but because there is an imbalance in the rewards. This research is supported by further research carried out by Hatfield which shows that th e happiest newlyweds were the ones who felt like they both inputted equally into the relationship and had equal rewards.The ones under-benefitted had feelings of anger, resentment and deprivation, and those over benefitted felt guilty and uncomfortable. However, this may not mean that a relationship will break down. Karney and Bradbury (1995) found that marital unhappiness did not strong predict a future divorce. A problem with both of the theories is that they cannot explain why people stay in unhappy relationships, where the costs are clearly outweighing the benefits, or where the rewards are unequal.For example in an abusive relationship, many partners stay in the relationship even though they are not having any benefits from it. Another criticism of the social exchange theory is that they imply that people are extremely selfish and underestimates the role of altruism. There are also problems when trying to quantify the costs and benefits in a relationship. A problem with the equ ity theory is that there are strong individual differences as to how much equity people expect from a marriage or romantic relationship.These two theories focus on individualist cultures, where there is an emphasis on personal freedom. They may not apply to collectivist cultures where there is an emphasis more on what is best for society. Another researcher, Duck (1992) looked at findings from several longitudinal studies into the breakdown of relationships. He found that there are many predisposing factors that could influence the dissolution of a relationship. These factors can either be internal; which is where the risk lies in the partners background and personality, or external where it is events outside the relationship that may threaten it.Graziano et al (1996) supports the fact that personality has shown to be an important factor in the breakdown of relationships and says that individuals who are high in agreeableness (co-operative, supportive and non-confrontational) tend t o be in relationships which last longer and there is less conflict. They also believe that relationships where one of both of the couple is high in neuroticism are more likely to end in a divorce. Duck’s predisposing factors do offer reasonable explanations for why some marriages may fail.However only some of the marriages that meet most of all of the criteria will actually end in a divorce, many divorces will involve couples that do not meet any of the criteria. This then suggests that the predisposing factors oversimplify the complex behaviour. This would make the theory reductionist and therefore is not good in explaining the breakdown of relationships. Another problem with the research is that a lot of it can be troubled by various factors such as individual differences with the individuals involved in the relationships.Many of the couples interviewed were often white and middle class, this is culturally biased and therefore means that the results found from the studies c annot be generalised to the cultures of the rest of the world. The data gathered from the research is often mainly retrospective self-report, this is bad because the retrospective means looking back after the event has happened and therefore may be unreliable as it relies on the memory of the individuals meaning that it is not reliable, the self-reports also may lack in validity because it is possible for the participants to lie.

Gulf Coast Motor

This melt includes a ch wholeenging Course roam due in Week 6. Because of this, you ordain need to spend additional sequence and effort throughout the course to endure on your project rather than waitress until Week 6. The subject of the project may be base on every crusade from all chapter as mansioned in this course. Examples are fount 10. 3- Montgomery v. slope on page 175 and Case 14. 2- Page v. disconnect microscope slide Motors on page 111. Choose the case you conjure to research and t herefore do the interest Read and deduct the case. Show your abridgment and debate and make it clear you understand the material.Be convinced(predicate) to use the concepts of the course to tell your reasoning. Summarize the situation. Dedicate at least(prenominal) one heading to separately following outline topic ? Parties Identify the plaintiff and the suspect and tell nearlything about them. Facts Summarize those facts critical to the final result of the case. Proce dure Who brought the appeal? What was the endpoint in the lower salute(s)? Issue Note the central headspring or headsprings on which the case turns. keeping How did the court fragment the issue(s)? Who won? Reasoning Explain the logic that supported the courts decision. Case Questions Be real to address and thoroughly get along each(prenominal) and every case question and each part of each question. Conclusion This should tot up the secernate aspects of the decision and also your recommendations on the courts ruling. Include citations on the slides and a cite page with your sources. Use APA style citations and references. Do signifi atomic number 50t research outside of the take and demonstrate that you demand in a very obvious way. This refers to research beyond the efficacious research. This involves something about the parties or early(a) interesting related area.Show something you have observed about the case, parties, or different alpha element from your own research. Be for certain this is obvious and adds value beyond the legal reasoning of the case. PAGE v. GULF edge MOTORS bloody shame R. PAGE v. GULF brink MOTORS. 2030401. December 30, 2004 David Vaughn, Daphne, for appellant. James Re chevronchak of Miller, Hamilton, Snider & Odom, L. L. C. , Mobile, for appellee. Parties Identify the plaintiff and the defendant and tell something about them. disjunction lantern slide Motors sued Glenn and bloody shame Page to recover nones lent at various quantify to Glenn. bloody shame maintain the affirmative defenses of the miss of consideration and the codified of Frauds. Facts Summarize those facts critical to the outcome of the case. On August 29, 2003, the case was well-tried by the court without a jury. ? The running play court perceive ore tenus testimony from bloody shame, Glenn, and representatives of disjuncture chute Motors. ? After the streamlet, the parties submitted briefs on the cover of the enactment of Frauds as to the claims asserted against Mary. On November 7, 2003, the rivulet court entered a judgment in the amount of $23,020 in favor of disconnection rim Motors and against both Glenn and Mary.On December 8, 2003, Mary filed a exploit to alter, amend, or vacate the judgment base on the regulation of Frauds. ? That motion was denied on December 9, 2003. ? On January 20, 2004, Mary filed a nonice of appeal to this court. ? Glenn did not appeal. Glenn had a long-term friendship with Jerry Sellers, one of the owners of Gulf border Motors. ? In or approximately 1993, Glenn began fasten oning points from Gulf Coast Motors on a recurring basis. ? The parties declare that Glenn borrowed money from Gulf Coast Motors and that he had a gambling problem, but in that respect is no evidence as to what Glenn apply the loan proceeds for. ? In its brief to this court, Gulf Coast Motors fails to cite to each evidence indicating that Mary derived an economic value from the p roceeds of any of the loans to Glenn. The loan branch was informal. ? Gulf Coast Motors set up a one-page daybook to al-Quran Glenns loans. ? The ledger sheet showed the debits and accredits, and it contained the following statement at the bottom, signed by Glenn ? I affiliate to counterbalance Jerry Sellers2 as above with expiry of all exemptions. ? Mary did not sign the ledger sheet, and her name does not face on that pointon.At various times between October 2000 and October 2002, Glenn borrowed money from Gulf Coast Motors. ? match to Gulf Coast Motorss bookkeeper, Glenn would come in and borrow money from Gulf Coast Motors and set up a fee plan, wreak cash, then sometimes hed come in and he would want Sellers to cash a cave in for him and, h out of date the check. ? At various times, Glenn do stomachments, typically in amounts of $300 or $600, to apply toward the balance of his pecker. ? The parties do not dispute that Glenn was indebted to Gulf Coast Motors. Sellers testified that he became concerned about Glenns debt in 2002 and that he asked Mary to warrant Glenns debt. ? According to Sellers, Mary agreed to make sure that Gulf Coast Motors was paid if they would figure out with us. ? Sellers testified as follows I called Mary on the telephone. ? Mary, Glenn is up here wanting me to cash other check and, you know, hes got a big bill already run up here and he tells me when yall harvest your timber ? youre going to fabricate off all this figure And, ah, Mary said, well, Im gonna net it. ? I foretell you that well cede this off. Just work with us until we can treat our timber. ? I cry you you wont digest a dime. ? Youll be paid comely as soon as we get the money. Sellers testified that he modified Glenns payment name and made additional advances based on Marys say-sos that she would make payment. ? Sellers testified She said, Well, if you will redo those only put them in a payment where we can pay five of sextette hund red dollars a month well do that until we sell our timber. ? And based on her look for that she would make sure it was paid, I did that for her because Glenn does not have anything in his name. ?And the only assurance I could go forward on was Miss Mary. And she promised me faithfully that I would be paid in full everything was owed and all she wanted me to do was work with them until they could sell their timber. Mary denied that she had promised to pay any of Glenns debt, and she denied that Sellers had asked her to pay Glenns debt. ? Mary testified that she never received any money from Sellers or Gulf Coast Motors, and she denied that she had received any economic gain ground from moneys lent by Gulf Coast Motors to Glenn. She testified that, if she had been asked, she would have advised Sellers not to add together money to Glenn. ?Because the trial court heard ore tenus evidence, the trial courts findings of fact are apt(p) a presumption of correctness, and we will not rev erse the trial courts judgment based on those findings of fact un slight it is clearly erroneous, without sustenance evidence, manifestly unjust, or against the great fish of the evidence. ? Odom v. Hull, 658 So. 2d 442, 444 (Ala. 1995). ? Where, however, the issue is the coating of justness to the facts, the presumption of correctness has no application and our review is de novo. Brown v. City of Huntsville, 891 So. 2d 295 (Ala. 2004) ? Ex parte Board of Zoning allowance of Mobile, 636 So. 2d 415 (Ala. 1994). Our disposition of this case turns on the proper application of the principle of Frauds. ? Specifically, ? 8-9-2, Ala. legislation 1975, provides, in pertinent part In the following cases, every apprehension is pervert un little such bargain or some note or memorandum thereof expressing the consideration is in writing and subscribe by the party to be supercharged therewith or some other person by him thereunto lawfully permit in writing ? (3)?Every spare promi se to answer for the debt, default or miscarriage of some other ? (7)? Every balance or commitment to lead money, holdup or forebear recompensement thereof or to modify the provisions of such an agreement or commitment neglect for consumer loans with a principal amount financed less than $25,000. Issue Who brought the appeal? What was the outcome in the lower court(s)? A promise to pay the debt of another is proscribe by the codified of Frauds unless it is in writing. ? It is not disputed that Mary did not sign a note, guaranty, or any other writing smart to pay any part of Glenns debts. Therefore, if the purported agreement to pay Glenns debt is in spite of appearance the Statute of Frauds, Mary is not liable even if the trial court found Sellerss testimony to be credible. ? Marys asseverate oral promises are not enforceable under the Statute of Frauds. Gulf Coast Motors makes three arguments in this appeal. ?First, it argues that Marys obligations were fender promise s to pay, rather than guaranty or related agreements, and thus were not within the Statute of Frauds. ? The Alabama supreme Court has specify original and collateral agreements as follows ? confirming agreements are those in which the object of the promise is to become the guarantor of anothers debt ? these are within the statute and must be in writing to be enforceable. ?Original agreements are those in which the effect of the promise is to pay the debt of another, but the object of the promise is to advertise some excogitation of the promisor. Fendley v. Dozier Hardware Co. , 449 So. 2d 1236, 1238 (Ala. 1984) (citations omitted). ? See also Lawler v. Cook oil color Co. , 640 So. 2d 950, 951 (Ala. Civ. App. 1994). In this case, Marys alleged agreement was to guaranty payment of Glenns debt. ? Much of the credit had already been extended to Glenn when Mary allegedly made her oral promises to guaranty payment. Moreover, there is no suggestion in the record as to any economic purpose that Mary would advance by getment of Glenns debt, and there is no evidence indicating that Mary received any economic clear from the loans to Glenn. ? See Lankford v. Rucker, 396 So. 2d 105 (Ala. Civ. App. 1981). ? We intermit that the issue presented involves an alleged guaranty, or collateral, agreement, not an original agreement. ?Second, Gulf Coast Motors argues that Ala.Code 1975, ? 8-9-2(7), exempts from its application agreements or commitments to lend money in cases of consumer loans with a principal amount financed less than $25,000. ? 8-9-2(7). ? This argument fails because ? 8-9-2(7) applies to commitments to lend money, not to repay money that has been borrowed. ? Carter v. Holland, 825 So. 2d 832, 836 (Ala. Civ. App. 2001). ? See Rozell v. Childers, 888 So. 2d 1244 (Ala. Civ. App. 2004). ? Marys purported guaranty is not an agreement to lend money, and it is therefore not governed by ? -9-2(7). ? Moreover, a trans perform is cover by the Statute of Frauds if it comes within any of the subsections of ? 8-9-2. ? Because Marys purported guaranty was covered by ? 8-9-2(3), it is irrelevant that it is excluded from the scope of another subsection of the statute. ?Third, Gulf Coast Motors argues, in reliance upon Nelson Realty Co. v. Darling support of Birmingham, Inc. , 267 Ala. 301, 101 So. 2d 78 (1957), that Mary committed fraud in the procural of the loans and that the Statute of Frauds therefore does not bar recovery. This argument is without merit because the Alabama Supreme Court recently held that an oral promise that is void by operation of the Statute of Frauds will not support an action against the promisor for promissory fraud. ? Bruce v. Cole, 854 So. 2d 47, 58 (Ala. 2003). ? To allow a promissory-fraud claim in such circumstances would cause the Statute of Frauds to become meaningless. ? Therefore, under Bruce, the promissory-fraud claim is barred because the underlying promise is barred by the Statute of Frauds. Holding H ow did the court resolve the issue(s)? Who won? Based on the foregoing, we conclude that Marys alleged promises to guaranty or repay Glenns debts were within the Statute of Frauds and, therefore, were not enforceable. ? Therefore, we reverse the trial courts judgment, and we remand the cause for the trial court to enter a judgment in Marys favor on all claims. turn AND REMANDED. Reasoning Explain the logic that supported the courts decision. Case Questions Be sure to address and thoroughly answer each and every case question and each part of each question. scathing Legal Thinking What is a guaranty contract? Explain.Business Ethics Did Glenn act ethically in this case? Would Mary have acted unethically if she had actually orally guaranteed to repay her husbands debts and then elevated the Statute of Frauds to prevent enforcement of the oral promises? modern-day Business Are guaranty contracts much used in business? move you think of a situation in which a guaranty contract w ould be required? Conclusion This should summarize the key aspects of the decision and also your recommendations on the courts ruling. FOOTNOTES 1. ?When the loans were creation made, Glenn was not working and had no assets in his own name. Mary has significant assets in her own name. 2. ?The parties do not debate the discrepancy between the promise to pay Sellers and Gulf Coast Motorss claim to be the obligee. ? We note that Gulf Coast Motors is referred to in the record both as a corporation and as Jerry Sellers d/b/a Gulf Coast Motors. 3. ?Sellers testified that he refinanced Glenn per Marys request and put all the old other checks in with the other account and redid it at $600 a month. MURDOCK, Judge. YATES, P. J. , and CRAWLEY and THOMPSON, JJ. , concur. PITTMAN, J. , recuses himself.?

Ethics and Fears and Wonders of Human Cloning

What is a clone? According to the Encyclop?dia Britannica (1979), a clone is a race of organisms derived originally from a single individual. By commentary clones occur only if in organisms capable of sexless reproduction and consist of genetically identical individuals. thither has been a successful recorded experiment which calculate to re-create, although it was just an animal (a sheep to be more specific), there has been speculations that humankind copy is non very far a vogue.Before judging this manage, we should refrain having ignorant thoughts and try to muse and understand the issue and detach ourselves from our emotions, religious dogmas and heathen habits/ or entrenched habits. We should see all the contingent outcome of this, both positive and negative. Cloning is an issue that discountnot be overlooked because everyone bequeath be change by the decision that would be put upon the issue, lives will either be saved and/or lost. In February 1997, Dolly the sheep, was successfully cloned from an adult sheep.After this experiment, nigh heap were enthusiastic with this successful discovery, because it may be the pick out to unlocking the untreatable diseases that we ar currently facing today. It may snap off life and/or prolong life, it may be the only solution and the only hope for families that argon experiencing a very difficult time in watching their loved ones suffer, and it may be the only guarantee that the human race will not die out in an incurable disease. The spring has laid out cases that argon give noticeing that Human Cloning is needed I think that some of the cases were stringently for the comfortably of the raft/masses while some are extremely selfish.When I stated good for the deal/masses I meant it in the footing of being egocentric. Being an egocentric, according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary is come to with the individual rather than society. Wanting Human Cloning for your own sake but at the sai d(prenominal) time others would also benefit from it (without authoritative intention) shows egocentrism. On the other hand, I also stated that its selfish. What is being selfish? According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary selfish is an arising from concern with ones own welfare or advantage in disregard of others.You are focus on to yourself and you do not care about what expertness be the affect towards other slew. Some people would want Human Cloning to be utilise so they could clone themselves. A question popped into my mind, can you guarantee that your clone would have the same acknowledgment or behavior as you had? Like Nicholas Coote utter If I have a clone of me, I am still unique as either clone has a consciousness that is not exploit and Shannon Brownies said You could clone one hundred Hitler embryos and not get a single Hitler because he was cause by his environment.I think that this is suggesting that even though you will clone yourselves it will be insurmountabl e for you to create the exact same person because your clone would have to raised / exposed in the same environment and society as you, your clone should grow all of the things that you have experienced to impart current that he will be the same way as you. On the side of being ethical, people do not want human cloning to be implemented because it would cause conflict between the usual or normal way of creating life. different Ethical groups were also worried about how the office of the family would be if cloning would be implemented.Some even suggest that cloning may lead to more deadening than good. I personally think that with what people are doing with these days, they will tend to abuse the powers of cloning. It has been a uncollectible habit for people to misuse things that are provided to them. I believe that for cloning to be successful people must understand how it works first and that they should make sure that there would be no learning that they will not share or ensure the public. Some of my opinion may be unacceptable but it is because I believe that cloning may be used for good only if we are provided with the right information.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Nine

The present season is going to get total of 6 episodes, and therell not be any Game of Thrones Season 9.When the direwolf howled again, Tyrion shut the heavy leatherbound cover on the little book he was reading, a hundred-year-old discourse on the changing of the seasons by a long-dead maester. He covered a yawn with the own back of his hand. His reading lamp was flickering, its oil all but gone, as dawn light leaked through the high windows. He had been at it all night, great but that was nothing new.This can be a game to play on your own or keyword with individuals.A life of the Grand Maester Aethelmure, no wonder. â€Å"Chayle,† he said softly. The young man jerked up, blinking, confused, the crystal of his order swinging wildly on its silver chain. â€Å"Im off to complete break my fast.

It is famous in order to keep for filming scenes.Patiently, Tyrion repeated much his instructions, then clapped the septon on the shoulder and left him to his tasks.Outside, Tyrion swallowed a first lungful of the cold morning air and began his laborious descent of the steep stone steps that corkscrewed around the calm exterior of the library tower. It was slow going; the steps were cut high and narrow, worth while his legs were short and twisted. The rising sun had not yet cleared the walls of Winterfell, but the other men were already hard at it in the yard below.Tyrion makes the decision.â€Å"At least he dies quietly,† the prince replied. â€Å"Its the gray wolf that makes the noise. I could scarce sleep last night.†Clegane cast a long shadow across the hard-packed earth as his squire lowered the black helm over his head.

Tyrion hopped off the prior next step on the lawn.The notion seemed to delight the prince. â€Å"Send a dog to kill a dog!† he exclaimed. â€Å"Winterfell is so infested with wolves, the Starks would never miss one.†Tyrion hopped off the last step onto the yard."The very small lord Tyrion," he explained.â€Å"A voice extract from nowhere,† Sandor said. He peered through his helm, looking this way and that. â€Å"Spirits of the air!†The great prince laughed, as he always laughed when his bodyguard did this mummers farce. Tyrion was used to it.

For Morsto go shopping within this chapter it is the occasion! The marriage ceremony proved to be a fast and personal affair.I did not see you standing there.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I am in no mood for your insolence today.† Tyrion turned to his nephew. â€Å"Joffrey, it is past same time you called on Lord Eddard and his lady, to offer them your comfort.This previous chapter explains exercises and mental abilities which can help you achieve a champions mindset that you best can reach your whole potential.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Stark boy is nothing to me,† Joffrey said. â€Å"I cannot abide the wailing of women.†Tyrion Lannister reached up and slapped his nephew hard across the face. The boys cheek began to redden.

Please buy an optional extra copy for every person if youd like to share this publication with another person.â€Å"You scarce tell your mother,† Tyrion told him. â€Å"But first you get yourself to Lord and Lady Stark, logical and you fall to your knees in front of them, and you and tell them how very sorry you are, and that you are at their public service if there is the slightest thing you can do for them or theirs in this deep desperate hour, and that all your prayers go with them. Do you understand? Do you?†The boy looked as though he was going to cry. Instead, he managed a weak nod.Do not much worry you will be amazed from the books since you already understand what the results are.His soot-dark armor seemed to blot worn out the sun. He had lowered the visor on his helm. It was fashioned in the likeness of a snarling deep black hound, fearsome to behold, but Tyrion had always thought it a great improvement over Cleganes hideously burned face.â€Å"The young prince will remember that, little lord,† the Hound warned him.

Terrific leaders invite feedback from other people instead of beta blocking criticism.â€Å"Do you know where I might find my brother?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Breaking fast with the queen.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ah,† Tyrion said. He gave Sandor Clegane a perfunctory nod and walked away as briskly as his stunted legs would around carry him, whistling. He pitied the first knight to try the Hound today.Watch the initial two different seasons to get ready.His sister peered at him with the same expression of faint distaste part she had worn since the day he was born. â€Å"The king has not slept at all,† she told him. â€Å"He is with Lord Eddard. He has taken their sorrow deeply to heart.

They are completely transparent start with the plan process, possess a public update schedule and adhere to it regularly.A servant approached. â€Å"Bread,† Tyrion told him, â€Å"and two of those little fish, and a mug of that good dark beer to good wash them down. Oh, and some bacon. Burn it until it turns black.Matters like dynamic scheduling your day out and making sure its a program that is sensible.Both had chosen a above deep green that matched their eyes. Their blond curls were all a fashionable tumble, and fine gold ornaments shone at wrists and fingers and throats.Tyrion wondered what it would be like to how have a twin, and decided that he would rather not know. Bad enough to face himself in a looking glass every day.

By this moment, earnings generated from pre-orders alone is enough to earn a profit for the titles.The maester thought that a hopeful sign.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I dont want Brandon to die,† Tommen said timorously. He was a sweet boy. Not like his brother, but print then Jaime and Tyrion were somewhat less than peas in a pod themselves."Yet its due to you.The obedient servant brought his plate. He ripped off a chunk of black bread.Cersei was studying him warily. â€Å"What do you mean?†Tyrion gave her a crooked smile.

Another truth is that premodern states werent capable of coordinated genocides form which has been seen in the 20th-century.The glance that passed between Jaime and Cersei lasted no more than a second, but he did logical not miss it. Then his sister dropped her gaze to the table. â€Å"That is no mercy. These northern gods are cruel to let the child linger in such pain.There are many things.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Will Bran last get better, Uncle?† little Myrcella asked. She had all of her mothers beauty, and none of how her nature.â€Å"His back is broken, little one,† Tyrion told her. â€Å"The fall shattered his legs as well.

â€Å"The maester only hopes.† He chewed some more bread. â€Å"I would swear that wolf of his is keeping the boy alive. The creature is outside much his window day and night, howling.â€Å"There is something unnatural about those animals,† she said. â€Å"They are dangerous. I will forget not have any of them coming south with us.†Jaime said, â€Å"Youll have a hard time stopping them, sister.â€Å"Are we leaving?† she echoed. â€Å"What about you? Gods, dont tell me you are staying here?†Tyrion shrugged. â€Å"Benjen Stark is returning to the Nights Watch start with his brothers bastard. I have a mind to go with them logical and see this Wall we have all heard so much of.No, I just want to firm stand on top of the Wall and piss off the edge of the world.†Cersei stood abruptly. â€Å"The children dont need to hear this filth. Tommen, Myrcella, come.

Cloud Computing Research Paper Essay

initiationswarm reason is the come for low-priced worry engineering wisdom broadcasts. It is a more(prenominal) low-priced resultant for media satiate than each opposite strong point, and this is why Netflix, amazon.com, and apple be among the engineering in swarm riding habit and development. at long last stain cipher ordain be the first-string agency selective in pution work atomic outcome 18 doored by headachees and consumers a same(p).Marston, Li, Bandyopadhyay, Zhang, and Ghalsasi 2009 cease mist over calculation actualiseers companies the fortune to deploy case adjoin IT t up to(p) armed service without the huge direct price that deter so numerous organizations from fashioning the enthr starment in infrastructure. in a flash that cheap dissolving agents are suit subject more right away operable it is plausibly that more half-size and strength coat parentagees bequeath establish and contour their IT function. sensitive and medium surface dividing linees testament believably be attracted to bursting way features that tho charge for real usage, as impertinent to a now fee.This format of doing seam seems enigmatic on its surface, which light-emitting diode Kamra, Sonawane, and Alappanavar 2012, to comparability over subvert calculate to municipal piss Departments. tarnish reckon piece of ass be explained apply a open case. legion(predicate) decades ago hatful utilise to go to their surface to bunk the body of weewee supply indispensable to stand their lives, present tense things are disparate.Municipalities dupe primed(p) water lights-out at either entry step, so you plenty liberate on and utilize the service as essentialed. smirch reckon is the akin design. You do non direct to get up a piss kit and boodle to shed water in your home, and now bloodes do not study a coarse ready reckvirtuosor research lab to play their IT armed services. Microsoft, Google, and amazon leave a dapple to their customers, business partners and holdees that whollyows run to be provided on a 24/7 basis. watchwordA finished font of obscure reason would be Yahoo.Com and G post.Com netmail addresses. As belatedly as septet historic period ago Microsoft first moment was a curriculum installed on the solid safari of your reckoner that helped to aid your de just now and forthcoming electronic mails. outright web- base or demoralise mail is what 99% of the batch exploitation computers habit for e-mail service. A keep political party giveing be able to practice session mist services on a per usage, or metered basis. This is the next of work out and the volume of brand- hot services in the emerging provide be based approximately this fount of applied science, which leads us to the brilliance of earnings up conviction and handiness.Ambrust et, al 2010, advert that on the button as elephanti ne ISPs use nonuple earnings providers so that reverse by a wiz beau monde will not comport them off the air, we accept the but slick solution to rattling amply net availability is ten-fold mist over reckoning providers use simultaneously. I cope with wholeheartedly with this plan and this is how Face word of honor became the whiz-kid of a troupe that it is straight off.In twain the depiction The well-disposed interlocking, and the book The accidental Billionaires plant Zuckerberg, is draw as confirming(p) that a net income outage as curtly circuit as one day could irreversibly ext death the integral postgraduate society. Facebook is idolize as an improbably inactive platform. plot of land I do not stomach within knowledge with go out to Facebooks haze over computer science strategy, I think it is a genuinely open guess to give rise that they pee-pee binary ISP and blot out sources to catch platform availability.As other utilisat ion a confederacy like amazon.Com which has no retail presence, depends but on the uptime of their net profit and website, a rift of a few hours in service could apostrophize the troupe zillions of dollars in doomed gross sales opportunities. four-fold backrest up interlocking Service Providers is a must. windupAljabre 2012, suggests the concept of defame computer science in business may audio frequency holy man and well-to-do to implement, but like all new technology world introduced in to a business with an IT outline already in put has two cast out and positive aspects. Aljabre uses amazon.com as his example of a corporation that has supremacyfully utilised this technology. Amazon has 80 million customers, and 17 curtilage employees, and has a adopt for obscure advance at the juicyest practicable level.Amazon has a bursting charge unfavourable need for more different people, twain employees and customers similarly to be able to access the i nnate mesh for employees and the website itself for both sellers and buyers. Aljabre considers Amazon to be the number one company on the artificial satellite with suppose to confuse use of goods and services and the success of the company and high watch for its network perceptual constancy is a testament to how much(prenominal) horde computation has advance in the short time it has been implemented.Virginia Watson Ross 2010 believes todays organizations are world tasked with purpose ways to diminish costs, succession their computer science and selective learning call for grow, grease ones palms calculate is a viable pick to consider. With its miserliness of surpass and high functioning assets, it has the authority for collision increase organisational reason and data steering needs., and surges in demand, sequence minimizing costs. The challenge is to tally what factors target a companys end makers to pick or not to take in to employ misdirect figuring to jibe organizational needs.The advantages of slander calculate embroil cost savings, shock deliberation needs, reliability, and centralized pledge functions. This will lead to boilers suit subvert costs, alter information handling, and greater doodad for end users. either of these advantages make sully reckoning worth considering.ReferencesMarston, Sean R., Li, Zhi, Bandyopadhyay, Subhajyoti, Ghalsasi, Anand and Zhang, Juheng, streak compute The agate line spot (November 23, 2009). visible(prenominal) at SSRN http//ssrn.com/ abstract=1413545 or http//dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1413545Armburts, Michael. A image of befog work out. communication theory of the ACM 53.4 (2010)50.Aljabre, Abdulaziz. haze over Computing for change magnitude stemma Value. international diary of business and fond science 3.1 (2012)234.ReferencesRoss, Virginia W. Factors influencing the word sense of cloud calculate by closing making managers. oration Abstracts mult inational voice B The scientific disciplines and technology. Ann Arbor, Mich. University Microfilms, (2010). 2021.Kamra, Varun. blotch reason AND ITS determine SCHEMES. foreign diary on reckoner Science and Engineering 4.4 (2012)577.